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On July 14, 1889, by the marxist socialist congress convened, the grand opening in Paris, France. The conference, the French representative lavin proposal: put on May 1, 1886 American workers struggle for eight hours a week, as the international proletariat holiday together. The delegates agreed to by the historic resolution. From then on, "51" international labor day was born.

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Why to this day as international labor day? This is from the American workers' movement in the 1880 s.

At that time, many countries in the United States and Europe, and gradually by the development of capitalism to imperialism stage, in order to stimulate the economy high speed development, to extract more surplus value, in order to maintain the capitalism of the high-speed machines, take the capitalists increasing labor time and intensity of labor to ruthlessly exploit workers.

In the United States, the workers work 14 to 16 hours a day, some even up to 18 hours, but wages are low. Massachusetts a shoe factory supervisor said, "let a strong able-bodied 18 years old young man, next to any machine work here, I can make his hair to gray at the age of 22." Heavy class oppression provoked proletarians great anger. Know, they want to fight for survival conditions, only together, fighting through strike and capitalists. Workers' strike slogan put forward, that is, requirements shall institute an eight-hour working day system.

1889年7月14日，由各国马克思主义者召集的社会主义者代表大会，在法国巴黎隆重开幕。这次大会上，法国代表拉文提议：把1886年5月1日美国工人争取八小时工作制的斗争日，定为国际无产阶级的共同节日。与会代表一致同意，通过了这项具有历史意义的决议。从此，“五一”国际劳动节诞生了。

为什么要把这一天定为国际劳动节呢?这还得从19世纪80年代的美国工人运动说起。

当时，美国和欧洲的许多国家，逐步由资本主义发展到帝国主义阶段，为了刺激经济的高速发展，榨取更多的剩余价值，以维护这个高速运转的资本主义机器，资本家不断采取增加劳动时间和劳动强度的办法来残酷地剥削工人。

在美国，工人们每天要劳动14至16个小时，有的甚至长达18个小时，但工资却很低。马萨诸塞州一个鞋厂的监工说：“让一个身强力壮体格健全的18岁小伙子，在这里的任何一架机器旁边工作，我能够使他在22岁时头发变成灰白。”沉重的阶级压迫激起了无产者巨大的愤怒。他们知道，要争取生存的条件，就只有团结起来，通过罢工运动与资本家作斗争。工人们提出的罢工口号，就是要求实行八小时工作制。